B） The problem of preserving the river pollution。
C） The problem of preserving the environment。
D） The problem of preserving the birds。
12。 A） Because of the technological progress。 B） Because of the countermeasures。
C） Because of the insecticides。 D） Because of the noise。
13。 A） The large…scale use of insecticides。 B） The noise。
C） The pollution。 D）The smog。
14。 A） Clean Air Act。 B） Clean Smog Act。
C） Clean Insecticides Act。 D） Clean Noise Act。
15。 A） The crossword puzzle first appeared at the beginning of the twentieth。
B） It first appeared in the New York World magazine。
C） It was first made by Arthur Wind。
D） People like it as soon as it appeared for the first time。
16。 A） They are easy to do。 B） They are much cheaper。
C） They do not need a partner。 D） people want something new。
17。 A） They do them for fun。 B） They do them for educational value。
C） They do them for new challenge。 D） They do them for money。
18。 A） celebrated the new year。 B） celebrated his 85th birthday。
C） celebrated the national day。 D） celebrated his 75th birthday。
19。 A） 27 years。 B） 26 years。
C） 28 years。 D） 37 years。
20。 A） Winston Churchill in Britain。 B） Washington in US。
C） John F。 Kennedy in US。 D） George bush in US。
Part II Reading Comprehension （35 minutes）
Directions： There are 4 passages in this part。 Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements。 For each of them there are four choices marked A）； B）； C） and D）。 You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center。
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage。
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful？ This might be called laziness； but Dr。 Kleitman has a new explanation。 He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle。
During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you’re “hot”。 That’s true。 The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak。 For some people the peak comes during the forenoon。 For others it comes in the afternoon or evening。 No one has discovered why this is so； but it leads to such familiar monologues as “Get up； John！ You’ll be late for work again！” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature…and…energy peak in the evening。 Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean； and which cycle each member of the family has。
You can’t change your energy cycle； but you can learn to make your life fit it better。 Habit can help； Dr。 Kleitman believes。 Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway。 Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to。 If your energy is low in the morning； but you have an important job to do early in the day； rise before your usual hour。 This won’t change your cycle； but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point。
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy。 Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch。 Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor。 Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before。 Whenever possible； do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours。
21。 If a person finds getting up early a problem； most probably 。
A） he is a lazy person
B） he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C） he is not sure when his energy is low
D） he is at his energy peak in the afternoon or evening
22。 Which of the following may lead to family quarrels acomording to the passage？
A） Unawareness of energy cycles。
B） Familiar monologues。
C） A change in a family member’s energy cycle。
D） Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members。
23。 If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning； he should 。
A） change his energy cycle B） overcome his laziness
C） get up earlier than usual D） go to bed earlier
24。 You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will 。
A） help to keep your energy for the day’s work
B） help you to control your temper early in the day
C） enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D） keep your energy cycle under control all day
25。 Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE？
A） Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one’s energy。
B） Dr。 Kletman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day。
C） Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle。
D） Children have energy cycles； too。
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage。
Where do pesticides fit into the picture of environmental disease？ We have seen that they now pollute soil； water； and food； that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless。 Man； however much he may like to pretend the contrary； is part of nature。 Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world？
We know that even single exposures to these chemicals； if the amount is large enough； can cause extremely severe poisoning。 But this is not the major problem。 The sudden illness or death of farmers； farm workers； and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides are very sad and should not ocomur。 For the population as a whole； we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world。
Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative over long periods of time； and that the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime。 For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored。 It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster。 “Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs；” says a wise physician； Dr。 Rene Dubos； “yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed。”
26。 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence “Man； …is part of nature。” （Line 3…4； Para。1）？
A） Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature。
B） Man acts as if he does not belong to nature。
C） Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution。
D） Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental protection。
27。 What is the author’s attitude towards the environmental effects of pesticides？
A） Pessimistic。 B） Indifferent。 C） Defensive。 D） Concerned。
28。 In the author’s view； the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides 。
A） is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticides
B） now ocomurs most frequently among all acomidental deaths
C） has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attention
D） is unavoidable because people can’t do without pesticides in farming
29。 People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals because ______。
A） limited exposure to them does little harm to people’s health
B） the present is more important for them than the future
C） the danger does not become apparent immediately
D） humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning
30。 It can be concluded from Dr Dubos’ remarks that _______。
A） people find invisible diseases difficult to deal with
B） attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatal
C） diseases with obvious sighs are easy to cure
D） people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage。
Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”。 Before the nineteenth century； scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between。
Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings； but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work。
For most people the sea was remote； and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea； there was little reason to ask many questions about it； let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface。 The first time that the question “what is at the bottom of the oceans？ ”had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed。 The engineers had to know the depth profile of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured。
It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned； in 1853； for information on this matter。 In the 1840s； Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans。 Later； some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea。
The cable was laid； but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable。 At the early attempts； the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths； a fact which